Nectar feeder with float

ABSTRACT

A nectar feeder for hummingbirds comprises a container, base tray, a base tray cover, a float, and a stopper thereon. The container, or bottle, is used for storing nectar feed. An exit port is defined on the bottom end of the container. The base tray is connected in fluid communication with the container and has at least one vertical member depending upwardly from a top surface of the base tray. A circumferential flange or ring is provided about the float for stabilization. The float engages the at least one vertical member to prevent substantial independent lateral movement of the float. In operation, the nectar feed flows through the container and into the base tray until the float rises to a level where the stopper mechanism engages the exit port to prevent fluid from flowing into the base tray.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is related to and claims priority from earlier filed provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/717,649 filed Oct. 24, 2012, the entire contents thereof is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to bottle type bird feeders, namely nectar feeders for birds. The nectar feeder of the present invention contains a float and a valve, which together regulates the flow of nectar feed from a container and into a base tray. The float and valve either prevent or allow the flow of nectar feed depending upon the volume of nectar feed contained in the base tray.

In the prior art, typical hummingbird feeders include an enclosed base tray for housing the liquid feed nectar therein. A number of feed ports are provided through the top base cover of the base tray so a bird may gain access to the liquid feed therethrough. Typically, the feed ports are small in diameter to simulate an actual flower in the field.

There is a periodic need to re-fill the base tray of the feeder with the liquid feed when the supply is low or completely out. In the prior art, an inverted vacuum-type bottle is commonly employed to supply the liquid into the main chamber of the base tray of the feeder to provide a continuous supply of feed for consumption by the hummingbirds. In the prior art, a bottle, in similar configuration and size to a baby bottle is typically used. However, larger or smaller bottles may be used. The bottle has a bottom closed end and a top open end which has male threading thereon. A complementary female threaded aperture is provided in the top base cover of the base tray of the feeder to receive the open threaded end of the reservoir. The reservoir, with liquid feed therein, supplies liquid into the base tray of the feed for access by the hummingbirds. Since the bottle has a closed top end, a vacuum is created thus controlling the downward flow of liquid as the hummingbird feeds from the feeder. As liquid is drained from the reservoir, bubbles will rise in similar fashion to a common drinking water bubbler.

Due to presence of high sugar content in hummingbird nectar, which results in accumulation of solids and growth of mold inside the bottle and base tray, cleaning of the prior art feeder must be frequent to maintain a desirable level of performance. Such frequent cleaning is considered by many users to be difficult for several reasons. For example, the users must use a variety of brushes that can fit into the small mouth of the bottle to clean the interior. Cleaning the prior art bottle feeders using a rag or sponge is generally impractical.

In this prior art construction, the base tray of the feeder must be inverted, when threadably receiving the bottle that contains the new supply of liquid feed, to avoid spilling of the liquid. If the base tray of the feeder is not inverted, the liquid will spill until the bottle was threadably secured to the top base cover of the base tray of the feeder. Inverting the base tray portion of feeder is undesirable because any remaining liquid feed still in the base tray will leak out making the installation of the bottle messy. This is particularly messy if a substantial amount of liquid feed remains in the base tray of the feeder.

Accordingly, there is a need for a nectar feeder that provides a mechanism for providing nectar feed without inverting a bottle or the base tray of the feeder. There also remains a need for a nectar feeder that provides access for easy refilling of the nectar feeder without spilling the nectar. Also, there remains a need for a nectar feeder that is easy to clean. There is a further need to better control the flow and delivery of nectar.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An embodiment of the present invention preserves the advantages of prior art bottle type nectar feeders. In addition, it provides new advantages not found in currently bottle type nectar feeders and overcomes many disadvantages of such currently available type nectar feeders.

The embodiment is generally directed to a novel and unique nectar feeder. The nectar feeder of the present invention contains a float and a valve, which together regulates the flow of nectar feed from a container and into a base tray. The float and valve either prevent or allow the flow of nectar feed depending upon the volume of nectar feed contained in the base tray.

The nectar feeder contains a base tray, container, and a float. The container for holding nectar feed has a top end and a bottom end. The bottom end of the container defines an exit port, which is tapered, for nectar feed to exit the container. A cap is threadably attached to the top end of the container. A lid is hingedly connected to the cap on the top end. A hanger is also attached to the cap for securing the nectar feeder to a stationary object. Optionally, the feeder may be post-mounted.

The container has a lower periphery with at least one thread on an outside surface. In one embodiment, the lower periphery has two partial threads on the outside surface of the container. The threads on the container are used to threadably engage the container to the base tray.

A base tray contains at least one vertical member extending upwardly from the base tray. In a preferred embodiment, the base tray contains two vertical members, which are mirror images of one another. The vertical members have a top, middle, and bottom portion. The bottom portion is attached to a top surface of the base tray. The middle portion defines a seat for receiving a portion of the bottom end of the container. For example, one vertical member may provide a seat along less then 180 degrees of the circumference of the bottom end of the container.

The top portion of the vertical member contains a thread for threadably engaging the thread on the lower periphery of the container. In a preferred embodiment, the vertical members each contain a partial thread that cooperate together to provide female threading to receive the male threading on the container. In operation, the lower periphery of the container threadably engages the top portion of the vertical members. While at the same time, the bottom end of the container is seated within the respective vertical members for support.

A base cover is attached to the base tray. The base cover defines a base cover hole for receiving the container. The inner periphery of the base cover hole contains a thread for threadably engaging a thread on the lower periphery of the container. In a preferred embodiment, the base cover and the vertical members threadably engage with a separate thread on the lower periphery of the container. The upper surface of the base cover defines at least one feed port and has a raised edge on the upper surface.

A float is positioned between the bottom end of the container and the base tray.

In a preferred embodiment, the float has a thickness less than the depth of the base tray and a height less than the height of the vertical member.

The float contains a ball seated on a central portion of the float. The ball is respectively positioned below the exit port on the bottom end of the container. The float defines a float hole for slideably engaging the vertical member when the base tray is filled with nectar feed.

The shape, configuration and operation of the float may be varied in many different ways. For example, the float may be of a disk-like construction with an upwardly protruding member to sealingly engage with the bottom open end of the container that housing the nectar feed. Further, the upwardly protruding member on the float may have different configurations, such as a conical, semi-spherical geometry. Further, the float may be equipped with a circumferential flange for stability of the float and added buoyancy.

In operation, a user opens the lid and fills the container with nectar feed. The nectar feed flows through the exit port and into the base tray. As the base tray fills with nectar feed, the float rises. When the ball seated on the float or other configuration sealingly engages the exit port, the nectar feed stops flowing into the base tray. When the nectar feed is consumed by the birds through the feeding ports, the nectar feed level in the base tray drops. As a result, the float disengages the ball from the exit port to once again allow the flow of nectar feed to fill the base tray.

In an alternative embodiment, a top-fill nectar feeder for hummingbirds comprises a container, base tray, a base tray cover, a float, and a stopper mechanism. The container, or bottle, is used for storing nectar feed. An exit port is defined on the bottom end of the container. The base tray is connected in fluid communication with the container. The base tray has one vertical member or more depending upwardly from a top surface of the base tray. The float engages the one or more vertical members depending from the base tray to prevent substantial independent lateral movement of the float. The stopper mechanism is positioned below the exit port. In operation, the nectar feed flows through the container and into the base tray until the float rises to a level where the stopper mechanism engages the exit port to prevent fluid from flowing into the base tray.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a nectar feeder having a float and valve for regulating a flow of nectar from the container and into the base tray from where the birds can retrieve the nectar feed.

It is a further object of the embodiment to provide a nectar feeder, which can be filled without inverting the base tray or the container.

Another object of the embodiment is to provide a nectar feeder that is easier to clean than prior art nectar feeders.

Yet a further object of the present invention is to provide a nectar feeder with an improved float configuration that can more efficiently and effectively seal the opening on the bottom of a container housing nectar feed.

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention shall become apparent as the description thereof proceeds when considered in connection with the accompanying illustrative drawings.

Another object is to provide a nectar feeder with a float valve for precise control of the flow of nectar.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features which are characteristic of the nectar feeder are set forth in the appended claims. However, the nectar feeder, together with further embodiments and attendant advantages, will be best understood by reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the bird feeder in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the bird feeder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the bird feeder of FIG. 1 with the lid in an open position;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the bird feeder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bird feeder through the line 3-3 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partial exploded perspective front view of a bird feeder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a partial side view of the bird feeder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a front perspective view of the bird feeder of FIG. 1 with the float raised to prevent the flow of liquid feed into the base tray;

FIG. 9 is a front perspective view of the bird feeder of FIG. 1 with the float lowered to allow the flow of liquid feed into the base tray;

FIG. 10 is a partial exploded view of an alternative embodiment of the nectar feeder with a disk-like float;

FIG. 11 is a top view of base tray and float with stopper of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the alternative float with a conical stopper mechanism of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an alternative float with a semi-spherical stopper mechanism;

FIG. 14 is a top view of the float and semi-spherical stopper mechanism of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a bottom perspective view of the float with semi-spherical stopper mechanism of FIG. 13;

FIGS. 16A shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the float with a circumferential stabilizer ring and conical stopper;

FIG. 16B is a top view of the float of FIG. 16A;

FIG. 16C is a cross-sectional view through the line 16C-16C of FIG. 16B;

FIG. 16D is a side view of the float of FIG. 16A;

FIG. 16E is a bottom perspective view of the float of FIG. 16A;

FIGS. 17A shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the float with a circumferential stabilizer ring and rounded or semi-spherical stopper;

FIG. 17B is a top view of the float of FIG. 17A;

FIG. 17C is a cross-sectional view through the line 17C-17C of FIG. 17B;

FIG. 17D is a side view of the float of FIG. 17A; and

FIG. 17E is a bottom perspective view of the float of FIG. 17A;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A first embodiment of the present invention is a nectar feeder 10 as shown in FIGS. 1-9. The nectar feeder 10 contains a float 120 and a ball 130 which together regulate the flow of nectar feed 160 a container 20 and into a base tray 30. The float 120 and ball 130 either prevent or allow the flow of nectar feed 160 depending upon the volume of nectar feed 160 contained in the base tray 30. Moreover, the nectar feeder 10 allows the nectar feed 160 to be poured directly into the container 20 of the feeder 10, which obviates the need to detach the container 20 each time the feeder 10 needs to be refilled. This avoids the mess associated with refilling nectar feeders of the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 1, the nectar feeder 10 of the present invention is shown. An exploded view of the present invention of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2. The nectar feeder 10 includes a container 20 for storing nectar feed 160, the base tray 30 and the float 120 containing the ball 130. The container 20 is attached to the base tray 30 and is in fluid communication with the base tray 30. The float 120 containing the ball 130 is positioned between the 20 and the base tray 30. When the nectar feed 160 flows through the container 20 and into the base tray 30, the float 120 rises until the ball 130 prevents nectar feed 160 from flowing through the container 20 and into the base tray 30. By having the float 120 and ball 130 regulate the flow of nectar feed 160, the nectar feeder 10 requires less maintenance, reduced spillage of nectar feed 160, and self-regulation of the nectar feed 160. Details of the ball 130 construction are discussed in detail below.

Referring to FIG. 2, the container 20 has a top end 22 and a bottom end 24 in which both ends of the container 20 have at least one thread (21, 20A, 20B) positioned thereupon in different locations. The container 20 has a volume sufficient to hold enough nectar feed 160 to fill the base tray 30 and, as a result, allow the float 120 to rise. In one embodiment, the container 20 defines a shape of a bottle. However, it should be noted that the container 20 may define shapes other than a bottle type shape. It should also be noted that a design or shape other than a bottle may be used for the present invention.

The bottom end 24 of the container 20 is partially closed off and it defines at least one exit port 150 (FIG. 6), which may be tapered, for nectar feed 160 to exit the container 20 into the base tray 30. In a preferred embodiment, there is one exit port 150 but alternative embodiments may contain two or more exit ports 150. It should be noted that the size of the exit port 150 may be adjusted according to the viscosity of the liquid and the desired flow rate of the nectar feed 160 from the container 20 to the base tray 30.

The container 20 is removably attached to the base tray 30. In a preferred embodiment, the container is threadably attached to the base tray 30. More importantly, the container 20 is attached without first inverting the container 20 or the base tray 30. The benefit is that the container 20 maintains an upright or vertical position during refilling which is easier and prevents spillage of nectar feed 160. It should be noted that alternative methods known in the art for attaching the container 20 to the base tray 30 are also suitable. For example, the container 20 may be fixedly attached to the base tray 30 without the use of threads.

Referring to FIG. 3, the top end 22 of the container 20 has a cap 50, which is attached to the top end 22 of the container 20. In one embodiment, the cap 50 is threadably attached to the top end 22 of the container 20. The top end 22 of the container 20 is open and has at least one thread 21 positioned on an inner surface of the top end 22. The cap 50 is easily removed to allow full access to the interior of the container 20 for cleaning It should be noted that other methods for attaching caps to containers may be used other than threads. For example, the cap 50 may be fixedly attached to the container 20 using adhesives or other fasteners.

A lid 60 is hingedly connected to the cap 50. The hinge 70 allows the lid 60 to be opened and closed for easier refilling of the container 20. The lid 60, when in an open position (FIG. 3), allows a user to refill the container 20 with nectar feed 160 without having to invert the container 20 or base tray 30. The lid 60, when in a closed position (FIG. 1), prevents unwanted insects and debris from gaining access to the nectar feed 160 in a reservoir 170 of the container 20. In addition, the lid 60 has a finger tab 80 to facilitate manipulation of the lid 60 from an open position (FIG. 3) to a closed position (FIG. 1).

Referring to FIG. 4, the base cover 40 has a support 100 or perch extending from an upper surface of the base cover 40. The raised support 100, in one embodiment, is a raised peripheral support 100 attached by six support arms (100A-100F) to the base cover 40. It should be noted that the raised support 100 may extend from various portions of the base cover 40 besides the periphery. The support 100 allows birds to rest while feeding on nectar feed 160 through a feed port (90A-90F).

The base cover 40, as mentioned above, also contains at least one feed port 90A-90F, which are defined through the base cover 40. The feed ports 90A-90F are respectively positioned over the nectar 160 so that feeding birds are aligned thereover for optimum access to the nectar 160 therein. It is contemplated that the feed ports 90A-90F may be positioned anywhere on the base cover 40 so long as the float 120 does not prevent access to the nectar feed 160 within base tray 30. The feed ports 90A-90F are preferably configured to appear as flowers, or other structures, to further attract birds to the feeder 10. The feed ports 90A-90F are respectively positioned above the base tray 30 so that feeding birds are aligned thereover for optimum access to the nectar feed 160 therein.

Referring to FIG. 5, a base cover 40 is attached to the container 20. The base cover 40 defines a base cover hole 44 for receiving the lower periphery 25 of the container 20. An inner periphery of the base cover hole 44 forms at least one thread 40A, preferably partial thread, for threadably engaging at least one thread 20A, preferably partial thread, on the lower periphery 26 of the container 20. It should be noted that other methods for attaching the base cover 40 to the container 20 may be used other than threads. For example, the base cover 40 may be fixedly attached to the container 20 using adhesives or other fasteners known in the art.

Referring to FIG. 6, a base tray 30 has a top surface 30A and a bottom surface 30B. The top surface 30A has a wall 31 raised along a periphery of the top surface 30A of the base tray 30. The wall 31 has sufficient height to contain the nectar feed 160 therein. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the base tray 30 is greater than the height of the base tray 30.

The base tray 30 contains at least one vertical member 32, 34 extending from the top surface 30A of the base tray 30. The vertical members 32, 34 have a top 32A, 34A, middle 32B, 34B, and a bottom portion 32C, 34C. The bottom portion 32C, 34C is attached to a top surface 30A of the base tray 30. In a preferred embodiment, the base tray 30 contains two vertical members 32, 34, which are mirror images of one another. However, more than two vertical members may be used. It is contemplated that the vertical members 32, 34 may be integrally formed within the base tray 30 or may be attached by means known in the art.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the container 20 has an upper periphery 25 and a lower periphery 26 with at least one thread (20A) on an outside surface of the lower periphery 26. In a preferred embodiment, the lower periphery 26 has one thread 20A on the outside surface of the container 20 for threadably engaging with at least one thread (34A, 32A) on the base tray 30 and at least one thread 40A on an inner periphery of the base cover 40 respectively. In addition, the threads (34A, 32A) on the base tray 30 and the thread 40A on the base cover 40 allows for easy removability and makes it easier cleaning or replacement of worn components of the nectar feeder 10. Cleaning the components of the nectar feeder 10 is essential to preventing any contamination of the nectar feed 160, which may become harmful to birds if not maintained properly.

The middle portion 32B, 34B of the vertical members 32, 34 defines a seat for receiving a portion of the bottom end 24 of the container 20. The vertical members 32, 34 may be configured to receive less than the total surface area of the bottom end 24. For example, a first vertical member 32 may provide a seat for less than 180 degrees of the circumference of the bottom end 24 of the container 20. A second vertical member 34, which is a mirror image of the first vertical member 32, may also provide a seat for less than 180 degrees of the circumference of the bottom end 24 of the container 20. When the bottom end 24 of the container 20 rests within the middle portions 32B, 34B of the vertical members 32, 34, it provides sufficient support to hold the container 20 in a vertical position. The benefit of holding the container 20 in a vertical position is that it prevents the spillage of nectar feed.

The vertical members 32, 34 also have a top portion 32A, 34A for threadably engaging the thread 20B located on the lower periphery 25 of the container 20. In a preferred embodiment, two vertical members 32, 34 have a partial thread located on an inner surface of the top portion 32A, 34A to cooperate together to provide a female threading. The two vertical members 32, 34 threadably attaching to at least one thread 20B located on the lower periphery 25 of the container 20. It should be noted that the container 20 may be attached to the vertical members 32, 34 by structures or mechanisms other than threads. For example, the container 20 may be fixedly attached to the vertical members 32, 34 using adhesives or fasteners although this is not preferred.

A float 120 is positioned between the bottom end 25 of container 20 and the base tray 30. The float 120 defines a circular shape with an outer circumference suitable for resting within the base tray 30. The float 120 is constructed and made of material that provides buoyancy in the presence of nectar feed 160. The float 120 is preferably made of plastic material, which is easy to clean. It can be a sealed hollow member with air trapped therein.

Most importantly, the float 120 is sized to permit a bird to retrieve nectar feed 160 through the feed ports 90A-90F without interference from the float 120. The float 120 is respectively positioned below the base cover 40, which has feed ports 90A-90F defined therethrough. When the bird retrieves nectar feed 160 through the feed ports 90A-90F, there must not be any obstruction from blocking access to the nectar feed 160. If the feeder ports 90A-90F are positioned proximal the peripheral raised support 100, the float 120 should have at least have a diameter less than the base tray 30. The diameter of the float 120 should also accommodate the feed ports 90A-90F to prevent any interference by the float 120 with the bird feeding on the nectar 160 through the feed ports 90A-90F. Alternative configurations of feed ports 90A-90F may necessitate additional shapes or changes in the float 120 to accommodate the direct access of the nectar feed 160 to the birds.

The float 120 defines at least one float hole 120A, 120B through the float 120 for slideably engaging the vertical member 32, 34. In a preferred embodiment, there are two float holes 120A, 120B with a “half moon shape”. The float holes 120A, 120B are keyed to an outer profile or shape of the vertical members 32, 34 to prevent independent rotation of the float 120 in any direction. Of course, the float holes 120A, 120B may be adjusted to define a shape similar to the overall shape and design of the vertical members 32, 34. To facilitate the slideably engagement of the float 120 with the vertical members 32, 34, the float 120 has a thickness less than the depth of the base tray 30. Also, the height of the float 120 is less than the height of the vertical members 32, 34.

The float 120 contains a ball 130 which may be incorporated together in a single structure. However, it should be noted that valves other than stoppers or plugs may be used for the present invention. The ball 130 is seated in a ball seat 140 on a central portion of the float 120. The ball seat 140 is either integrally formed or attached to the central portion of the float 120. The ball 130 rests within the ball seat 140. When the float 120 rises due to the filling of an interior of the base tray 30 with nectar feed 160, the ball 130 engages the exit port 150 to form a ball valve and prevent the flow of nectar feed 160 through the exit port 150 and into the base tray 30. As shown along vertical axis B, the ball 130 is respectively positioned below the exit port 150 on the bottom end 25 of the container 20.

The ball 130 and the exit port 150 can be adjusted according to the dimensions and quantity of each. It should be understood that various types of valves and floats may be employed and still be within the scope of the present invention. In addition, the fluid communication between the container 20 and base tray 30 may be accomplished using structures and mechanisms other than a float 120 and ball 130.

Referring to FIG. 8, in operation, a user opens the lid 60 (FIG. 3) and refills the container 20 with nectar feed 160. There is no need to invert the container 20 to refill, which is a substantial advantage over the prior art. When the container 20 is sufficiently filled with nectar feed 160, nectar feed 160 begins to accumulate inside the container 20. When the volume of the nectar feed 160 is sufficient, the nectar feed 160 gradually begins to flow through the exit port 150 and into the base tray 30. As the base tray 30 fills with nectar feed 160, the float 120 begins to rise in correlation to the volume of nectar feed 160 occupying the interior of the base tray 30. When the base tray 30 fills with nectar feed 160, the float 120 gradually rises thus forcing the ball 130 to sealingly engage the exit port 150 located on the bottom end 25 of the container 20. When the base tray 30 is substantially full, the float 120 will further rise to sealingly engage the ball 130 within the exit port 150, which prevents the flow of nectar feed 160 through the exit port 150.

When the exit port 150 is completely blocked by the ball 130, the nectar feed 160 is prevented from moving through the exit port 150 and into the base tray 30. As a result, leakage or overflow of the nectar feed 160, such as through the feed ports 90A-90F, is prevented. In addition, the nectar feed 160 is preserved inside the container 20 and used when necessary to refill the base tray 30. If any contamination occurs inside the base tray 30, it does not contaminate the nectar feed inside the reservoir 170 of the container 20. A user can clean the base tray 30, when it has contaminated nectar feed 160, without impacting the entire supply of nectar feed 160 inside the container 20.

Referring to FIG. 9, during the normal course of use of the nectar feeder 10, the nectar feed 160 is consumed by the birds through the feeding ports 90A-90F. When the birds consume the nectar feed 160, the nectar feed level in the base tray 30 drops. As the nectar feed 160 is depleted from the base tray 30, the float 120 will eventually drop or lower thus taking upward pressure off the ball 130 to permit the entry of additional nectar feed or other liquids into the base tray 30. As a result, the float 120 disengages the ball 130 from the exit port 150 to once again allow the flow of nectar feed 160 to flow into the base tray 30. The feeder 10 permits the easy and convenient refilling of the feeder 10 even if the container 20 is not completely empty. By allowing nectar feed 160 to be flow directly from the container 20 and into the base tray 30, there is no disassembly required for eventual refilling of the base tray 30 by the container 20. This is a continual and gradual process until the nectar feed 160 is completely depleted from the container 20.

Furthermore, as seen in FIGS. 1-3, a hanger 110 is also attached to the cap 50 for securing the nectar feeder 10 to a stationary object. The hanger is an example but there are other structures or mechanisms for securing the nectar feeder 10 to another object may also be used. For example, suction cup mounts, wall mounts, and post mounts may also be used and attached to the cap 50 or other components of the nectar feeder 10.

In one embodiment, the nectar feeder 10 is made of materials known in the art.

Preferably, the nectar feeder 10 is made of plastics. Various colors of the plastics may be used to attract birds to the present invention. Structures or mechanisms other than threads may be used to attach the components of the nectar feeder 10.

In view of the foregoing, a new and novel improved nectar feeder 10 is provided for easy and efficient refilling. The present invention contains a float 120 and ball 130, which regulates the flow of nectar feed 160 through the container 20 and into the base tray 30. More specifically, a container 20 is attached to the base tray 30 and in fluid communication with the base tray 30. The float 120 contains the ball 130, which is positioned between the container 20 and the base tray 30. When the nectar feed 160 flows through the container 20 and into the base tray 30, the float 120 rises until the ball 130 prevents nectar feed 160 from flowing through the container 20 and into the base tray 30. The nectar feeder 10 of the present invention can also be filled without inverting the base tray 30 or container 20, which conserves the nectar feed. In addition, the nectar feeder 10 is easier to clean than prior art nectar feeders due to the removability of various parts.

Referring to FIGS. 10-15, in another embodiment, the nectar feeder 200 incorporates the advantages and benefits of the above-mentioned nectar feeder 10 shown in FIGS. 1-9. Referring first to FIG. 10, similar to the above-mentioned nectar feeder 10, the nectar feeder 200 includes a float 202, which regulates the flow of nectar feed through the container 204 and into the base tray 206. This embodiment of the nectar feeder 10B provides a base tray 206, container 204, float 200, and the stopper structure 208 and the interaction of these elements in another embodiment which enhances the ability of the nectar feeder 200 to close off the exit port 210 and prevent leakage therethrough when the nectar feed level reaches a certain height. However, it should be appreciated that any elements of nectar feeder 200 not shown in the FIGS. 10-15 are hereby incorporated by reference to nectar feeder 10. Moreover, the general function of the embodiment of the feeder 200 is the same as feeder 10, however the configuration of the float has been modified.

Similar to the feeder 10, top-fill nectar feeder 200 provides the ability to refill with nectar feed without inverting the container 204, to easily access the container 204 for refilling, to conveniently clean the interior of the container on a weekly basis, and to regulate the timing and volume of the delivery of nectar to the base tray 206 to preserve the freshness of the nectar.

The nectar feeder 200 includes a container 204, base tray 206, a base tray cover (of the type shown in FIG. 1 but omitted in FIGS. 10 and 11 for illustrative purposes), a float 202, and a stopper structure 208 carried thereon. The container 204, or bottle as seen in FIG. 10, is used for storing nectar feed. The container 204 has a top end and a bottom end 204 a, which can be seen in FIG. 10. The bottom end 204 a of the container 204 has a substantially planar surface. An exit port 210 is defined on the bottom end 204 a of the container 204. A lower periphery 204 b of the container has a region 204 b that may be threaded or the like to secure the bottom end 204 a to the tray 206.

The base tray 206 is connected in fluid communication with the container. A above, threading, or other connecting structure, fixes the bottom 204 a of container to the base tray 206 via complementary connecting structure, such as female thread or threads on upstanding members 212 a and 212 b. One member or more has a top and bottom surface, left and right side surfaces, and front and rear surfaces. The bottom surface of members 212 a and 212 is preferably integrally formed with a top surface of the base tray.

The base tray cover 100 is connected to an outer wall of the base tray, as shown by example, in FIG. 1. The base tray cover 100 defines at least one feed port for access by a hummingbird. A perch or support is positioned along a surface of the base tray cover 100 for the hummingbird to rest while consuming the nectar feed. The base tray cover 100 defines a base cover hole for receiving the container.

As best seen in FIG. 11, the float 202 is positioned between the container 204 and the base tray 206 and bounded by the upstanding member 212 a and 212 b. The base tray 206 is preferably generally disc-like shaped or circular shaped with a solid surface. The top surface 202 a of the float 202 is substantially planar for sealingly engaging the substantially planar bottom end 204 b of the container 204. The mating of two substantially planar surfaces enhances the ability to close off the exit port 210 of the bottom end 204 a and prevent leakage of nectar feed from the container 204 and into the base tray 206 unless required.

In similar fashion to feeder 10 as in FIG. 5, the stopper 208 sealingly engages with exit port 210, which may or may not include a rubber ring or gasket thereabout to assist with the seal.

The float 202 includes of a substantially planar deck 202 a with a skirt 202 b downwardly depending from an outer peripheral edge of the deck, which can be best seen in FIGS. 12 and 15. The float 202 has a substantially hollow interior 202 c defined by the top deck 202 a and side wall skirt 202 b. As seen in FIG. 15, the float may have an open bottom but it may also be closed with a gas captured therein for float capabilities.

A bottom surface of the outer peripheral edge of the skirt 202 b engages a top surface area 206 a of the base tray 206, as seen in FIG. 11. The float 202 has a diameter less than the diameter of the base tray, and preferably less than the region defined by the upstanding members 212 a and 212 b. The substantially planar bottom end 204 a of the container 204 has a surface area and shape proportionately sized in relation to the shape and surface area of the substantially planar top surface 202 a of the float 202 to provide better sealing engagement.

The float 202 engages the one or more vertical members 212 a and 212 b depending up from the base tray 206 to prevent substantial independent lateral movement of the float 202. The float 202 defines a shape, which generally conforms to an interior surface of the vertical members 212 a and 212 b. The float 202 has, as a result, restricted lateral movement while having some clearance thereabout to allow for vertical movement dependent upon the level of nectar feed currently in the tray 206. The interior surface of the upstanding members 212 a and 212 b are preferably arcuate to conform to the shape of the float 202. It should be understood that the interior surfaces of the upstanding member or members 212 a and 212 b may be of any shape and configuration to correspond with the shape and configuration of the float 202, which also may be of any shape and configuration. The interior surface of the vertical members 212 a and 212 b may have a threaded area or partial threaded area for threadably attaching to a corresponding lower thread area of the container, as found in the feeder 10 above. It should be appreciated that other methods of attachment, other than threads, may be used to connect the lower end of the container 204 to the one or more members 212 a and 212 b.

For example, two members 212 a and 212 b can be provided having an interior area of each member opposing one another. The interior area between the two members may be located in inner concentric area of the base tray 206. The two members 212 a and 212 b are positioned on the base tray 206 at predetermined distance relative to diameter of the float 202 to prevent the float 202 from substantial independent lateral movement. The float 202 is positioned between interior areas of the two members 212 a and 212 b to prevent substantial lateral movement from an inner concentric area of the base tray 206 to an outer concentric area of the base tray 206. The predetermined distance between a common center point axis of the two members 212 a and 212 b is greater than the diameter of the float 202. The predetermined distance between a common outer point axis of the two members 212 a and 212 b is less than diameter of the float 202. The predetermined distance between the two members 212 a 212 b incrementally changes from the common center point axis to the common outer point axis.

The stopper structure 208 is positioned below the exit port 210. The stopper 208 depends from and is integrally formed in the top surface 202 a of the float 202. Also, the stopper 208 is a raised protrusion from a top surface 202 a of the float 202, in one embodiment, carried by the float 202 to sealingly engage the exit port 210.

The shape and configuration of the stopper 208 is shown as conical in FIGS. 10-12, for example. However, it can be any shape and configuration to mate with the exit port 210 of container 204. For example, as seen in FIGS. 13-15, an alternative embodiment of a stopper, indicated as 308 is a curved or semi-spherical surface portion having a raised profile depending upwardly from the surface 202 a of the float 202. The stopper 308 generally defines a half-moon shape or other curved surfaces, which enhances the ability to close off the exit port 210, without leakage, when the nectar feed reaches a certain height within the base tray. Turning back to FIGS. 10-12, the substantially conical stopper 208 defines a more pointed shape, which may work better with a larger capacity hummingbird feeder.

As in FIG. 10, the exit port 210 preferably has a sealing ring 210 a to enhance sealing capabilities between the stopper 208 and the exit port 210. The sealing ring 210 a is substantially flush with the exit port 210 defined within the substantially planar bottom end 204 a of the container 204.

In operation, the nectar feed flows through the container 204 and into the base tray 206 until the float rises to a level where the stopper 208 or 308 engages the exit port 210 to prevent fluid from flowing into the base tray 206 which shall be explained here in further detail. When the volume of the nectar feed is sufficient, the nectar feed gradually begins to flow through the exit port 210 and sealing ring 210 a and into the base tray 206. As the base tray 206 fills with nectar feed, the float 202 begins to rise in correlation to the volume of nectar feed occupying the interior of the base tray 206. When the base tray 206 fills with nectar feed, the substantially planar float gradually rises thus eventually forcing the stopper 208 or 309 to sealingly engage the exit port 210 and sealing ring 210 a located on the substantially planar bottom end 204 a of the container 204 which prevents the further flow of nectar feed through the exit port 210.

When the exit port 210 and sealing ring 210 a are completely blocked by the stopper 208 or 308, and the substantially planar bottom end 204 a of the container 204 seals against the surface of the substantially planar top surface 202 a of the float 202, the nectar feed is prevented from moving through the exit port 210 and into the base tray 206. As a result, leakage or overflow of the nectar feed is prevented.

Referring to FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E, a further embodiment of the float construction is shown. The float 202 is shown again although modified as will be described below. FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E of the nectar feeder 10C are directed towards a discussion of the float and stopper mechanism in another embodiment, which enhances the ability of the nectar feeder to close off the exit port and prevent leakage there through when the nectar feed level reaches a certain height. However, it should be appreciated that any elements of nectar feeder 200 not shown are hereby incorporated by reference to nectar feeder 10.

In FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E, a float 202 is positioned between the container 204 and the base tray 206, as above. The float 202 consists of a substantially planar deck 202 a with a skirt 202 b downwardly depending from an outer peripheral edge of the deck 202 a. The float 202 has a substantially hollow interior defining by the downwardly depending skirt or wall 202 b. The embodiment of FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E further includes a circumferential ring 214 or “Saturn ring” that extends outwardly from the outer periphery of the skirt 202 b to provide greater stability of the float 202 when used within the nectar feeder 200. It should be noted that the operation of the circumferential ring in FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E is the same but shown with a different stopper structure (208 and 308). For ease of discussion, FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E are discussed together as the circumferential ring 214 operates in the same fashion in both FIGS. 16A-E and 17A-E.

The circumferential ring 214 extends or protrudes from an outer surface of the skirt 202 b preferably along a horizontal axis. The ring 214 may be located between the deck 202 a of the float 202 and the bottom preferably open end of the skirt 202 b. In a preferred embodiment, the ring 214 is formed near an upper portion of the skirt 202 b, namely closer to the top deck 202 a than the bottom open end of the skirt 202 b. Of course, the ring 214 may be integrally formed with the float 202 or separately made and then attached to the float 202. Based upon tests, when the fluid within the nectar feeder 200 is moving back and forth, the ring 214 stabilizes the float to substantially stay in place and/or reduce its overall movement within the nectar feeder. This helps insure that the stopper 208 or 308 aligns with the exit port 210 for the reasons stated above. Also, the inner wall from the upstanding members 212 a and 212 b, in conjunction with the ring 214, helps keep the float 202 in place if the swaying of the fluid becomes increasingly violent. Lastly, the ring 214 allows the user to pick up the float 202 out of the tray 206 more easily whereas the suction could develop underneath the float with the fluid in tray 206.

Also, the stopper 208 or 308 is a raised protrusion from a top surface 202 a of the float 202, carried by the float to sealingly engage the exit port 210. In FIGS. 16A-E, the stopper mechanism is has a conical shape depending upwardly from the upper surface 202 a of the float 202. This stopper 208 generally enhances the ability to close off the exit port 210, without leakage, when the nectar feed reaches a certain height within the base tray 206. In the embodiment of FIGS. 17A-E, the rounded or semi-spherical stopper 308 is employed instead.

Therefore, while there is shown and described herein certain specific structure embodying the invention, it will be manifest to those skilled in the art that various modifications and rearrangements of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the underlying inventive concept and that the same is not limited to the particular forms herein shown and described except insofar as indicated by the scope of the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A nectar feeder for hummingbirds, comprising: a container for storing nectar feed having a top end and a bottom end, an exit port defined on the bottom end thereof, a lower periphery of the container has a threaded area; a base tray connected in fluid communication with the container, the base tray having at least one vertical member depending upwardly from a top surface of the base tray; a base tray cover connected to an outer wall of the base tray, the base tray cover defining at least one feed port for access by a hummingbird, a perch positioned along a surface of the base tray cover for the hummingbird to rest while consuming the nectar feed, the base tray cover defining a base cover hole for receiving the container; a float positioned between the container and the base tray, the float having a top surface, a side wall and a diameter less than the diameter of the base tray, the float residing within the at least one vertical member to prevent substantial independent lateral movement of the float; a stopper on the top surface of the float and positioned below the exit port; and whereby the nectar feed flows through the container and into the base tray until the float rises to a level where the stopper mechanism engages the exit port to prevent fluid from flowing into the base tray.
 2. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein a bottom end of the container has a substantially planar surface.
 3. The nectar feeder of claim 2, wherein the top surface of the float is substantially planar for sealingly engaging the substantially planar bottom end of the container.
 4. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the stopper has a rounded profile.
 5. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the stopper has a conical profile.
 6. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the float consists of a substantially planar deck with a skirt downwardly depending from an outer peripheral edge of the deck.
 7. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the float has a substantially hollow interior extending downwardly from a bottom surface of the deck and surrounded by the skirt.
 8. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the at least one members are positioned on the base tray at predetermined distance relative to diameter of the float to prevent the float from substantial independent lateral movement.
 9. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the float is positioned within an interior area of the at least one vertical member to prevent substantial lateral movement therein.
 10. The nectar feeder of claim 1, wherein the exit port includes a sealing ring to enhance sealing capabilities between the stopper mechanism and the exit port.
 11. The nectar feeder of claim 1, further comprising: a circumferential ring connected to and emanating outwardly from the side wall of the float. 